Who diagnosed him? Did he have a day of testing maybe with a neuropsychologist? I personally have a spectrum child and to me it sounds like if he is on the spectrum or has ADHD or both, he also has something else too. Normal parenting for consesquences or expected an Aspie to understand that a parent is an authority figure is a challenge and these kids require special parenting. Typical methods don't work, as you've seen. What medications is he on? medications can make kids better or worse, depending. Does he get any help from school interventions?
Your psychiatrist sounds like he isn't that sure what is going on. I'd take kiddo to a neuropsychologist for a comprehensive evaluation. Psychiatrists don't do them.